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SuspendThread
Suspending threads is a technique used by malware to disable user-mode debuggers and make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer and analyze the code. This can be achieved by using the SuspendThread function from the kernel32.dll library or the NtSuspendThread function from the NTDLL.DLL library.
The malware can enumerate the threads of a given process, or …
Read moreReflective DLL injection
Reflective DLL loading refers to loading a DLL from memory rather than from disk. Windows doesn’t have a LoadLibrary function that supports this, so to get the functionality you have to write your own, omitting some of the things Windows normally does, such as registering the DLL as a loaded module in the process, potentially bypassing DLL load monitoring.
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Read moreProcess Herpaderping
Process Herpaderping is a method of obscuring the intentions of a process by modifying the content on a disk after the image has been mapped. This results in curious behavior by security products and the OS itself.
To abuse this convention, we first write a binary to a target file on a disk. Then, we map an image of …
Read moreDisabling Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)
Many EDR solutions leverage Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) extensively. ETW allows for extensive instrumentation and tracing of a process functionality and WINAPI calls. It has components in the kernel, to register callbacks for system calls and other kernel operations, but also consists of a userland component that is part of ntdll.dll.
Since ntdll.dll is a DLL loaded into …
Read moreUnloading Sysmon Driver
Sysmon is a tool that can be used to monitor system activity on Windows systems. It records various types of events, such as process creation, network connections, and registry changes, and stores them in the Windows Event Log. Security analysts can use this information to detect and investigate malicious activity on a system.
One way that malware can evade …
Read moreTamper DLL Export Names & GetProcAddress Spoofing
When a process is running, it is possible to change the results of the call to GetProcAddress API, for the exported functions of a module along with modifying the export's offsets and name at runtime.
For example, the offset of kernel32.dll's function VirtualAlloc can be change to the offset of another function. When VirtualAlloc is called (after getting its …
Exploitation for Defense Evasion
![Defense Evasion [Mitre] icon](/media/2024/04/08/icons8-burglar.svg){kind=small}
Adversaries may exploit a system or application vulnerability to bypass security features. Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Vulnerabilities may exist in defensive security software that can be used to disable or circumvent them.
… Read moreImpair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools
Adversaries may modify and/or disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their malware/tools and activities. This may take many forms, such as killing security software processes or services, modifying / deleting Registry keys or configuration files so that tools do not operate properly, or other methods to interfere with security tools scanning or reporting information. Adversaries may also disable …
Read moreRootkit
Adversaries may use rootkits to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components. Rootkits are programs that hide the existence of malware by intercepting/hooking and modifying operating system API calls that supply system information.
Rootkits or rootkit enabling functionality may reside at the user or kernel level in the operating system or lower, …
Read moreSubvert Trust Controls: Code Signing Policy Modification
Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system.
Some …
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