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Reflective Code Loading
![Defense Evasion [Mitre] icon](/media/2024/04/08/icons8-burglar.svg){kind=small}
Adversaries may reflectively load code into a process in order to conceal the execution of malicious payloads. Reflective loading involves allocating then executing payloads directly within the memory of the process, vice creating a thread or process backed by a file path on disk. Reflectively loaded payloads may be compiled binaries, anonymous files (only present in RAM), or just snubs …
Read moreUnloading Module with FreeLibrary
Malware authors often use various techniques to evade detection by AV/EDR solutions. One such technique involves checking for the presence of AV/EDR DLLs that may be loaded in the malware's address space and attempting to unload them before executing their malicious code.
To do this, the malware first uses the GetModuleHandleA function to retrieve a handle to the DLL, …
Constant Blinding
Constant blinding can be employed by malware authors to obfuscate their malicious code, making it harder for security researchers and antivirus software to detect and analyze the malware. By using constant blinding techniques, the malware code can be concealed, increasing its chances of evading detection and maintaining persistence on the target system.
Here's how constant blinding can be utilized …
Read moreVirtualization/Sandbox Evasion: System Checks
Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions …
Read moreRetrieve HDD Information
Malware can figure out if it's in a virtual environment by checking hard drive info. It looks for specific details like serial and model numbers. This is easier to spot in VirtualBox because it shows clues that it's running in a virtual space.
Malware uses this trick to avoid getting caught. It does this by using a special command …
Read moreChecking Specific Folder Name
Specific directories, such as "C:\Cuckoo", can serve as indicators of a sandboxed or virtualized environment when present on a guest system. Consequently, a savvy piece of malware could potentially use the detection of this particular directory as a means of evading analysis. This would allow the malicious software to alter its behavior or even halt its execution altogether when it …
Read moreChecking Pipe
Cuckoo is an open-source automated malware analysis system that performs dynamic analysis by running suspicious files in isolated virtual environments.
To facilitate communication between the host system (analysis environment) and the guest system (execution environment), Cuckoo uses a named pipe: \.\pipe\cuckoo
Detection Technique
Malware running inside the guest can check for the existence of this named pipe. …
Read moreSLDT, No Pill
The No Pill technique is a method used by malware to determine whether it is running on a physical machine or a virtual machine. This technique relies on the fact that the Local Descriptor Table (LDT) is assigned to a processor, rather than to an operating system. On a physical machine, the location of the LDT will be zero, whereas …
Read moreEvading Hash Signature
AV are able to detect if it's a known malware by calculating the file hash, by changing a simple bit into the binary can sometimes allow the sample to evade hash detection. This technique is unlikely to work anymore.
Read moreFile Format Confusion
By looking the structure of the PE and the content of the file, the engine is able to detect if the file is malicious or not. For example, an heuristic engine can try to figure out if a file are using a dual extension (e.g: invoice.doc.exe) and determine the file as being malicious.
Confusing file format is another trick …
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